CFRL English News No.10 (March 10, 2000)

　Cold Fusion Research Laboratory Prof. Hideo Kozima

This is CFRL News (in English) No.10 translated from Japanese version published for friend researchers of Cold Fusion Research Laboratory directed by Dr. H. Kozima.

In this issue, there is following items.

1) Summary of our new paper, H. Kozima and K. Kaki, “Anomalous Nuclear Reactions in Solids Revealed by CF Experiments” Rep. Fac. Science, Shizuoka Univ.34, 1 (2000),

2) About a paper by J.O’M. Bockris appeared in J. New Energy,

3) About MITI Project to Treat High-Level Radioactive Waste,

4) Our three papers appeared in Intern. J. Hydrogen Energy,

5) About Tsvetkov’s patent,

6) On the Missing Factor.

1) Our new paper was published in Report of Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University. Please ask Dr. K. Kaki for an offprint of this paper by the following e-mail address :<spkkaki@ipc.shizuoka.ac.jp>

H. Kozima and K. Kaki, “Anomalous Nuclear Reactions in Solids Revealed by CF Experiments” Rep. Fac. Science, Shizuoka Univ. Vol.34, 1 (2000).

Abstract.

Anomalous nuclear reactions in solids detected through events in the so-called cold fusion (CF) phenomenon are investigated from a viewpoint of the TNCF model where interaction of the neutron Bloch waves and a nucleus in crystal boundary plays a key role. Using the experimental facts of nuclear transmutation (NT) in the surface region, it is shown that a compound nucleus, formed by absorption of a neutron, interacting with residual neutron waves has different characteristics responsible to the anomalous reactions observed in the cold fusion phenomenon from those of the isolated compound nucleus. A unified picture of the anomalous nuclear reactions in solids is given on the interaction of the trapped neutron Bloch waves and a lattice nucleus.

2) A new paper by J. O’M. Bockris appeared in J. New Energy where he explains research works in his laboratory sometimes denounced in journalistic writings.

“”Early Contributions from Workers at Texas A&M University to (so-called) Low Energy Nuclear Reactions” J. New Energy Vol. 4-2, 40 - 69 (1999)

In this paper, the author summarizes and tells truth of the CF research in his group in Texas A&M University, which was deteriorated by a journalist G. Taubes in an article in the journal Science, and the scandalous book. As was well known, Taubes wrote the tritium data obtained in the experiment done by Bockris’s group as if a graduate student J.C. Packham added solution of tritium in water into the experimental cell. Taubes also has written a scandalous story about S. Pons’ experiment where occurred melting of Pd cathode.

Some quasi-scientists have influenced by these articles and rejected existence of CF phenomenon without checking experimental data themselves. Most of them seem to belong mathematical physicists working in the fields distant from experimental facts.

After the publication of the English version of my book “Discovery”, there have been increasing people who understand nature and ability of a model to investigate new phenomenon. Bockris has also expressed his understanding of a model in the concluding part of this paper as follows:

“2. The work must give rise to modifications of the theory of the nucleus. However, new physics is probably not needed. Classical nuclear physicists have maintained an agnostic stance for so long because their knowledge of fusion is concerned with reactions in plasma, and they have paid little attention to the effects of a solid lattice upon nuclear activity within it after injection of H and D at high fugacity, or to the effect of free neutrons in the lattice.” (Italicized by H.K.)

In his understanding of the TNCF model is, however, not sufficient from my viewpoint and write about irreproducibility as follows:

“Viewing all this in retrospect, and now knowing the results of more than 100 other groups, irreproducibility is a key characteristic of the field. Any theory of chemically assisted nuclear activity must be able to embrace and explain this fact. (None of the theories hitherto has addressed it.)” (Underlined by J.B. Italicized by H.K.)

The irreproducibility of CFP is a remarkable nature but is rather characterized by another work qualitative reproducibility as written by me often in papers and in the book. This characteristic is explained as a natural result of stochastic atomic processes necessary to prepare conditions to trap thermal neutrons and to induce nuclear reactions in solids from the viewpoint of the TNCF model. This is the only existing reasonable explanation of qualitative reproducibility of CFP ignored by Bockris.

The defamation of J.C. Packham by G. Taubes seems rooted in the competition in the University, as is often the case with researchers. People without talent tend to spend their time not for their duty but for useless or rather harmful activities to spoil atmosphere of sincere activity to create and keep academicism. Following sentences (p.49, footnote) by Bockris shows a situation in TAMU excited by Taubes’ articles, in Science (Vol.248, pp.1299-1303, June 15, 1990) and in the book.

“One of the less pleasant realizations which came from the Taubes’ article in Science is that a scientist, defamed, has, in practice, no means of redress by appeal to the law. If he had $M to risk on a lawsuit, he would have to prove not only that the defaming statements were untrue but also that the publishing house concerned was intentionally trying to damage him. To prove malice is, of course, extremely difficult. In fact, Taubes (who told me that he writes scenarios in the movie industry part-time) certainly had no personal malice. However, he certainly wanted to sell his book, and books for public consumption do not sell on the basis of descriptions of the importance of eliminating errors in radioactive experiments. They sell best if they report evidence of something wrong. That there is a public which likes this is beautifully confirmed by the German word “Schadenfreude,” which means, essentially, “Injury Joy or Happiness in Hurting.””

3) On Treatment of Nuclear Waste in Japan reported by The Mainichi, January 27, 2000.

“MITI (Ministry of International Trade and Industry) of Japan declared to submit a law ‘Law to Promote Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste’ to Shuugiin (The House of Representatives) by the end of February (to treat waste expected to produced by 2015) in which a standard family pays 14 yen each month in addition to power rate from this October.

As was reported in the News No.8, the proposal by G. Miley to NERI of DOE was finally canceled after accept by the Review Committee. In Japan, the NHE project lasted four years from 1994 was sentenced to death without remarkable positive result to continue the project further. Irrespective of these negative trends, there are facts showing effective nuclear transmutation in CF system, which hopefully applied to eliminate hazardous radioactivity of the nuclear waste.

The project panned by MITI is based on ‘burial in deep underground after glass-solidification of nuclear waste’. The technology of the disposal, however, is not accomplished yet. Furthermore, the waste expected after 2015 is not accounted in this project at all. Thus, the project is considered as tentative even if the budget estimated was about 300 billion yen as a whole.

As a technology, nuclear power generation system has to include from mining of Uranium ore to treatment of waste while it was launched missing the last part. The system should be terminated gradually if the system as a closed one is estimated unprofitable. CFP should be taken up as a basis to treat the final step of the nuclear power generation system.

We have no information that MITI is considering alternatives for glass-solidification of the waste.

4) Our paper announced in News No.7, 1) was published in Il Nuovo Cimento 112A, 1431 (1999). Offprint of this paper will be asked to Dr. K. Kaki of Shizuoka Univ.

H. Kozima, M. Fujii, M. Ohta, K. Arai, H. Kudoh and K. Kaki, "Analysis of Energy Spectrum of Neutrons Measured in Cold Fusion Experiments by the TNCF Model" Il Nuovo Cimento 112A, 1431 (1999).

5) Our three papers submitted and introduced in previous News (Nos. 3, 4, 6 and 8) were decided to be published in Intern. J. Hydrogen Energy Vol. 25, No.6, p.505, 509 and 513 (2000).

H. Kozima, K. Yoshimoto and K. Arai, "First Reliable Tritium Data by Packham et al. analyzed by TNCF Model" Intern. J. Hydrogen Energy 25, 505 (2000),

H. Kozima, K. Arai and K. Yoshimoto, "Tritium and ⁴He Data by Chien et al. confirmed the Cold Fusion Phenomenon" Intern. J. Hydrogen Energy 25, 509 (2000).

H. Kozima and K. Arai, “Localized Nuclear Transmutation in PdH_x Observed by Bockris et al. Revealed a Characteristic of CF Phenomenon” Intern. J. Hydrogen Energy 25, 513 (2000).

6) S. Tsvetkov in Russia is eager to find collaborators to develop his patented idea and wrote me following mail. Please contact him by his e-mail address written below who are interested in his patent and its development.

“Dear Dr. H. Kozima,

I dispatch to you by the associated file the abstract of my Russian patent in English. I offer you to publish it in your monthly news with the message on search of the partners for carrying out of collateral operations and indication mine of e-mail of the address.

Best regards

Sergey Tsvetkov” <ts@zar.eps.ru>

7) On Missing Factor (1)

　It is desirable to contemplate about the Missing Factor proposed by the author as a key concept of theory or model to clarify confusion around cold fusion phenomenon CFP.

As described in the preceding News (No. 9, (5)), there is a wide boundary region between Science (a set of juubakos) and non-science in which a new science will born and grow. Recently, it is discussed often importance of inter-disciplinary region of sciences. This is also a trend to put eyes in the minor structure of the boundary region between science and non-science.

A new science is characterized by the Missing Factor, in the old theory proposed by me in the CF research to make clear character of theoretical models and theories. To understand the meaning of the missing factor, it is useful to illustrate it using historical examples. Two examples we take up here are Theory of Relativity and Quantum Mechanics.

Two great discoveries of 20 century in physics are Theory of Relativity and Quantum Mechanics. What are then the missing factors of them?

The missing factor found in the Theory of Relativity is the Principle of Constant Light Speed, or that the speed of light is independent of the motion of the source of the light and also independent of the reference system from which the speed is measured. On the other hand, the missing factor found in the Quantum Theory is the Principle of Action Quantum, or existence of the minimum value (Planck’s constant h) for action of any motion in nature.

Science is a unified and self-consistent system of explanation for empirical events, which does not allow any exception. When experimental data are confirmed which are inconsistent with a system or a logical conclusion is deduced which is inconsistent with principles of the system, a new clue to reconcile these contradictions is sought. The history of developments of Theory of Relativity and Quantum Mechanics is exciting to not only physicists but also to people interested in the development of human knowledge. (To be continued.)